Chemical abundances of planetary nebulae (PNe) help us to understand several processes of the nucleosynthesis of the progenitor star. Elements such as He, C, and N can be processed in the stellar nucleus and partially brought up to the stellar surface through dredge-up processes. Other elements such as O, Ne, Ar, S (the alpha-elements) are …
In this study, we use a recently published catalogue of one hundred EBSs, classified by fine-tuning theoretical models according to contact, detached or semi-detached classes. We describe the method implemented to obtain supervised machine learning models, capable of classifying EBSs using information extracted from the light curves of variable object candidates in the phase space.
It has been recently suggested that the millisecond pulsar PSR J0030+0451 has a significant off-centered non-dipolar magnetic field component. This has been deduced via statistical inference methods on the shape and location of the hot spots over the surface of the neutron star by modelling the latest NICER observational data. In this talk we revise …
Since their discovery in 1764 our ideas for the formation of Planetary Nebulae (PNe) have improved continuously. The basic picture traced in the mid-twentieth century of PNe being transition objects between the giant branch century of PNe being transition objects between the giant branch and the final white dwarf stage has been enriched by the …
We will study the trajectories of photons emitted by a pulsar with emphasis on the chromatic effects derived from the presence of a plasmatic environment. We will show how to obtain numerically the trajectories and the luminosity curve of the pulsar. Starting from the approximate Beloborodov formalism, we will introduce plasma corrections to extend the …
During the last decades, M stars have gained substantial interest in the search for exoplanets due not only to the high occurrence of terrestrial-type planets but also to the greater ease of detection of low-mass planets. However, one of the major limitations in the study of extrasolar planetary systems using the radial velocity method is …
(65803) Didymos is the binary Near Earth Asteroid target of the DART (NASA)/LICIA (ASI) andHera (ESA) missions. It orbits the Sun with a semi-major axis of 1.64 AU, and it is made of a 780m diameter primary body (Didymos) and a 160 m satellite (Dimorphos), orbiting the primary witha semi-major axis of 1180 m and …
In this work, we present the results of applying the creep tide model (Ferraz Mello 2013) to the orbital evolution of circumbinary planets. This model allow us to consider stiff bodies, in addition to the gaseous bodies considered in previous works (Zoppetti 2019,2020). We perform a series of direct numerical integrations of the full equations …
In the process of low-mass star formation, a protoplanetary disk is assembled around the young star and planets will form within this disk. Therefore, the chemical composition of the early disk is crucial for the gaseous content of future planetesimals. Some molecular species are believed to survive from the parental cloud to the inner regions …
This workshop consists of a series of short lectures and hands-on activities on the topic of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). In particular, on understanding and computing extended mass functions of PBHs using the Press-Schecter formalism, understanding how to extend observational constraints on monochromatic mass functions to extended mass functions, and understanding the possible generation of …
Gravitational waves are solutions of General Relativity (GR) both at linear and fully nonlinear levels, and have been directly found recently. These can be addressed from different approaches: linearisation for far field solutions, numerical relativity to grasp the neighbouring of the source, Newman-Penrose formalism built upon the tetrad formulation of GR, among others. This workshop …
In 2015, the first direct detection of a gravitational wave (GW) by the two ground-based LIGO interferometers opened a new era for gravitational-wave astrophysics. Since then, more than 90 events have been announced by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration including merging binary black holes (most of them), binary neutron stars (BNS), and black hole – neutron star …
Gravastars are exotic compact objects alternative to black holes. In the context of alternative theories of gravity, they present relevant signatures. Thus, we shall present the gravastar solutions of a general non-minimal coupling gravity model, namely f(R,L) gravity, where its properties have some bearings. Some cosmological and astrophysical applications shall be analysed.
A novel 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (4D EGB) gravity has been proposed that asserts to bypass Lovelock’s theorem and to result in a non-trivial contribution to the gravitational dynamics in four-dimensional spacetime. Although inconsistencies have been raised for this theory in nonlinear perturbation limits, the results of the consistent 4D EGB model indicate that the background equations …
In this work, we have studied a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) called WienerNet to apply the Wiener Filter to noisy CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background) maps. We present how these neural networks work and how good the results are compared to the traditional method of Wiener Filter with the conjugate gradient. Also, we show that the …
Galaxy clusters are important cosmological probes since their abundance and spatial distribution are directly linked to structure formation on large scales. The principal uncertainty source on the cosmological parameter constraints concerns the cluster mass estimation from mass proxies. In addition, future surveys will provide a large amount of data, requiring an improvement in the accuracy …
The relationship between the integrated Hβ line luminosity and the velocity dispersion of the ionized gas of HII galaxies (HIIGs) and giant HII regions (GHIIRs) has been known for a long time as the L-σ relation (Terlevich et. al. 1981 and more recently Bordallo & Telles 2011 and Chavez et. al. 2014). The scatter in …
In this talk, we show a framework to consistently model the spatial distribution and time evolution of dark matter, gas, and galaxies, in the Large Scale Structure of the universe. The core of our framework is given by large, high-resolution N -body simulations, which ensure robust modelling of non-linearities on small scales, and accurate predictions …
We present well-posedness results for two particular theories aiming to model large-scale magnetic field amplification. We report on the existence of spurious modes when the electromotive force is linear in the magnetic field, making the theory unsuitable in the kinematic regime. We then prove that this pathology is actually removed when allowing magnetic field derivatives …
We implement a universal method for renormalizing AdS gravity actions applicable to arbitrary higher curvature theories in up to five dimensions. The renormalization procedure considers the extrinsic counterterm for Einstein-AdS gravity given by the Kounterterms scheme, but with a theory-dependent coupling constant that is fixed by the requirement of renormalization for the vacuum solution. This …
During the 21st century, gravitational lensing turned from a curious relativistic effect used by some cosmologists into a mainstream astrophysical tool. Each year we witness new discoveries exploring the different regimes of lensing, from planets in our galaxy to individual stars in high redshift galaxies, from the tiny distortions produced by the Large Scale Structure …
Modern astronomy is a data-intensive science that requires the analysis of large volume archives. An important aspect of understanding the observations is to ask science-driven questions andto look for the answers through the statistical analysis and visualization of data. This data analytics often relies on different procedures of data cleaning, imputation and encoding.In these hands-on …
This workshop consists of a series of short lectures and hands-on activities on the topic of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). In particular, on understanding and computing extended mass functions of PBHs using the Press-Schecter formalism, understanding how to extend observational constraints on monochromatic mass functions to extended mass functions, and understanding the possible generation of …
Using the EAGLE hydrodynamical simulation, we explore what drives the formation of giant (and massive), low surface brightness galaxies of the Kind of Malin 1. We investigate on the role of angular momentum, stellar formation and environment. The talk will conclude on the next efforts that should be done with the models in order to …
We explored the nature of Low Surface Brightness galaxies (LSBGs) in the local universe, by using a set of simulated galaxies from TNG100. We compared galaxy properties at z=0 such as stellar mass, magnitude, star formation rate and size. We found that LSBGs are mainly spirals over a large mass range, fainter, less massive, quiescent …
In this work is performed a photometric analysis for a sample of 101 galaxies in the near infrared (NIR) bands of 2MASS (J, H, Ks) with the goal of estimating the structural parameters of galaxies. Then, galaxy Scaling Relations among global properties such as luminosity, size, kinematics, among others, are explored. Furthermore, Black Hole Scaling …
Properties of galaxies and their evolution are strongly affected by their local environment. It has also been explored how the local environment affects the active galactic nuclei (AGN) phenomena. These studies have positioned cosmic voids and their surrounding regions as promising candidate sites to host AGN galaxies. In this talk, I will show the results …
Using a set of well--behaved novel statistical parameters we study the alignment signal of galactic spins with respect to the centre of voids identified in the TNG-300 simulation. We explore this signal in different samples of galaxies, varying their distance from the void centre, mass, spin norm, local density, and velocity. We find a signal …
Being the lowest-surface-brightness galaxies known, Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) are among the most intriguing objects in the Universe. Since their rediscovery a few years ago, different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation of these puzzling objects with the stellar mass of a dwarf galaxy but the size of a large galaxy like the Milky …
In this work, we study the relationship between star formation activity and the active galactic nucleus phenomenon, known as AGN-starburst connection. For this purpose, we use a catalogue of galaxy systems with a low number of members (2 to 6) and different diagnostic diagrams to identify active galaxies both in the optical and in the …
We perform a systematic validation of the models of the pairwise velocities of galaxies based on the pair conservation of cosmic tracers. The equation that governs the dynamics of pairwise motions is derived from the BBGKY hierarchy and solved numerically in the strongly nonlinear regime of large scale structures. We analyze the complete solution of …
The formation and stability of collisionless self-gravitating systems are long-standing problems, which date back to the work of D. Lynden-Bell on violent relaxation and extend to the issue of virialization of dark matter (DM) haloes. An important prediction of such a relaxation process is that spherical equilibrium states can be described by a Fermi–Dirac phase-space …
Stellar streams are a consequence of the tidal forces produced by a host galaxy on its satellites (i.e. globular clusters and dwarf spheroidals). As the self-gravity of stellar streams is almost negligible, they constitute excellent probes of the gravitational potential of the host galaxy. For this reason, some Milky Way stellar streams have been used …
During the 21st century, gravitational lensing turned from a curious relativistic effect used by some cosmologists into a mainstream astrophysical tool. Each year we witness new discoveries exploring the different regimes of lensing, from planets in our galaxy to individual stars in high redshift galaxies, from the tiny distortions produced by the Large Scale Structure …
The aim of this training program is skill-building and training in Astronomy for young aspiring astronomers. The tutorial will be in two parts.Session 1: The first day will be an introduction to Virtual Observatory and its tools and its integration with the Astrophysics Data System (ADS). Participants will be introduced to various Astronomy Data available …
Halo assembly bias is the secondary dependence of the clustering of dark matter haloes on their assembly histories at fixed halo mass. This established dependence is expected to manifest itself on galaxy clustering, a potential effect commonly known as galaxy assembly bias. In this talk, I will focus on a recent work where we analyse …
In this talk, I will introduce EMPIRE, a new consistent semi-empirical model for the Galaxy-Halo connection. EMPIRE uses the mass assembly of dark matter halos and a battery of observations to constrain star formation histories, contributions from mergers, the intra-halo mass, supermassive black holes, and the half-light and mass-radius growth of star-forming and quiescent galaxies …
In the standard model of galaxy formation, galaxies form within a halo of dark matter, which is the component that dominates the matter budget of the Universe. Surprisingly, some recent observations have discovered a few galaxies that lack dark matter and that would therefore be dominated by baryonic matter. Dark matter deficient galaxies (DMDGs) could …
In this talk we will present a statistical analysis of different characteristics of ringed spiral galaxies with the aim of assessing the effects of rings on disk galaxy properties. We built a catalog of ringed galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 14 (SDSS-DR14). We classified the face-on spirals into galaxies with: an …
We study 5 barred dwarf galaxies located in the Virgo cluster to understand the effect of the environment on the formation and evolution of their bars. We measure the properties of bars with different methods using MUSE data. In particular, we measure the bar pattern speed with the Tremaine-Weinberg method: a slowly-rotating bar is expected …
The MaNGA survey has observed >10,000 local galaxies from SDSS using the integral field spectroscopy technique. By applying inverse stellar population synthesis (fossil record method) to their spatially resolved spectra, the local and global star formation (SF), chemical enrichment, and stellar mass growth histories of these galaxies were inferred. In this keynote talk, after briefly …
Gas shocks occur naturally around galaxy clusters, among several processes, the high-speed infalling gas deaccelerates and heats up near the centre of the cluster. The material infalling towards these objects is not completely isotropic, in general, we observe a filamentary structure that connects the surroundings. In this work we study how the shock and accretion …
The Ophiuchus cluster of galaxies, the 2nd brightest X-ray cluster in the sky, has been relatively poorly studied. It is located at low latitudes in the direction of the Galactic bulge, in the Zone of Avoidance. To study the hidden galaxy population, deep near-infrared images and photometry from the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea …
We investigate the kinematic properties of gas and galaxies in the Local Group (LG) using a suite of high-resolution simulations performed by the Hestia (High-resolution Environmental Simulations of The Immediate Area) collaboration. Our simulations include the correct cosmography surrounding the LG-like regions such as the Virgo cluster, the local void and the local filament. The …
We use zoom-in galaxies from the Chemo-dynamIcal propertiEs of gaLaxies and the cOsmic web (CIELO) cosmological hydrodynamical simulation to study the physical origin and structural impact of the kinematic misalignment between star-forming (SF) gas and stars across cosmic time. We have identified unbound gas accretions and mergers as the leading causes of alignment/misalignment depending on …
Galaxies in the local universe are a fossil record of events in the distant universe and present critical constraints on the physical processes underlying the formation and evolution of galaxies. Understanding the variety in properties of galaxies today is thus key to unveiling how galaxies form and transform across cosmic time. We have been plunging …
The next decade will see a true revolution in astronomical instrumentation, starting with the launch and first light of the James Webb Space Telescope and extending to the new thirty-meter-class telescopes to be inaugurated by 2030. In this talk, I will discuss my current involvement in some of these projects, more specifically regarding my interest …
The evolution of chemical abundances in galaxies provides crucial information to study how they formed and evolved.Results in the Local Universe show that on average, star-forming gas-phase in galaxies have negative metallicity gradients and that flat and inverted positive gradients could be associated with galaxy interactions. As a function of redshift, the trend is not clear …
As part of a work carried out on Magellanic Clouds (MCs) stellar clusters (SCs), we present results in age, metallicity and reddening for Bruck 50, NGC 176, SL 164 and SL 396, applying different methods (equivalent widths, template matching and spectral synthesis) from the SC integrated spectrum. These interesting SCs are useful on determining parameter …
Membership of stars in clusters is very crucial in parameter determination and studies of clusters. We compare results obtained using supervised and unsupervised methods with Gaia DR2 and EDR3 data. We shall provide insights in to what are the suitable methods to be used and compare results using Gaussian Mixture Models and DBScan as well …
The ongoing interaction with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is revolutionizing our view of the dynamical state of the Milky Way. The perturbations caused by the LMC open new avenues to test the nature of dark matter. Using results from high-resolution N-body simulations, I will describe the two main perturbations caused by the LMC: the …
The analysis of the internal structure of star clusters can provide us important information about their formation and dynamic evolution. Using data from the VISCACHA survey, we studied the spatial distribution of the stars in clusters located at the peripheries of the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Small Magellanic Cloud. We characterized their internal structure …
We present the results of the chemical analysis of 6 star clusters in the inner region of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We used near infrared spectra obtained with GMOS (GEMINI-S) in the region of Calcium Triplet (CaT) lines of red giant stars belonging to the star clusters and their surrounding fields. We measured radial …
Bulge Globular Cluster have always ben a challange for the determination of their distance and reddening. This is because they are affected by high differential reddening and strong field contamination. In addition, in most of the cases only the RGB is observed since SGB and MS are too faint. However, thank to the advent of …
Turbulence is a unique nonlinear phenomenon in fluid and plasma flows that allows the transfer of energy between different temporal and spatial scales. For instance, the solar wind is observed to contain a turbulent cascade at different heliocentric distances from the Sun. Thanks to the availability of in situ measurements from various spacecraft missions, the …
It has been known that solar filaments show oscillations. These types of motions are normally triggered by nearby flares or jets, EIT waves and Moreton waves. In this work we analyse how coronal waves are able to excite filament oscillations through 2.5 MHD simulations. We find correlations between height, size and mass with period, amplitudes …
Pseudostreamers (PSs) are coronal magnetic structures formed by arcs of twin loops capped by magnetic field lines from coronal holes of the same polarity that meet at a central spine. They contain a single magnetic null point in the spine, just above the closed field lines, which are thought to have the potential of influencing …
The aim of this training program is skill-building and training in Astronomy for young aspiring astronomers. The tutorial will be in two parts.Session 1: The first day will be an introduction to Virtual Observatory and its tools and its integration with the Astrophysics Data System (ADS). Participants will be introduced to various Astronomy Data available …